Month: August 2026

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The Book of the Week is “The Dope, The Real History of the Mexican Drug Trade” by Benjamin T. Smith, published in 2021.

In this wordy and redundant volume, the author mostly stuck to his subject of narcotics– opium, heroin and cocaine, but also mentioned marijuana (not considered a narcotic nowadays). From the 1800’s, there have always been legal loopholes allowing stakeholders to sell narcotics.

The cycle of changing politics, supply and demand of specific illegal drugs, enforcement efforts and violence, have become a cliche in both the United States and Mexico. The author mentioned France, Canada, Colombia, Peru and China in passing, but failed to mentioned other narcotics sources and hubs that might be relevant to the story, such as Bolivia, Panama and Central Asia.

Anyway, destroying narcotics supplies and distribution networks NEVER works when politicians and law enforcement are trying to get rid of certain kinds of drugs. In a few years, entrepreneurs will always have found a way to make money from other kinds of drugs, or other enterprises– such as protection rackets. The same old corruption and atrocities return, time and time again. Unsurprisingly, it is actually ulterior political motives and the profit-motive that drive the cycle.

Starting in the late 1800’s, opium was a drug whose regulatory crackdown was an excuse for a smear campaign against Chinese immigrants in Mexico City– the major makers of it. In the nineteen teens, Americans zipped down to Tijuana or Mexicali in Mexico to get their fill of gambling, the sex trade and alcohol.

In June 1916, the governor of Baja, California put on a show, pretending to ban opium and shutting down its distribution, and killed some Chinese drug traffickers. It was a charade because the black market on opium stayed alive and well and the drugs’ stakeholders paid the governor protection money. With the minimum portion of that money he needed to spend to stay in power, he did public-works projects and funded schools in his district, imposing mandatory education.

In the 1920’s, goon squads in Mexico City raided Chinese stores and arrested anyone with opium paraphernalia. That same decade, the state of California passed anti-vice laws that adversely affected the Chinese.

In 1925, in Mexico, the secret service agent who investigated and prosecuted members of a large Mexico City heroin ring, became the new chief law-enforcement officer, and eventually the new drug kingpin. The year 1936 saw Mexico again become a hub for illegal narcotics going to the U.S.

In early 1940, Mexico tried a new policy: opening dispensaries that allowed addicts to get their fix at a discount while still holding down a low-skilled job, in order to put black-marketeers out of business. Yes, street-crime in the local areas fell because addicts no longer had to steal to stay alive.

However, the head of the U.S. Treasury was against the dispensaries. He was “supremely pragmatic and with only a passing interest in the actual facts, he would go on to blame U.S. narcotics addiction on an almost comically incoherent litany of shady conspiracies…” He was the one who decided which countries’ narcotics were medicinal only, not recreational; only the medicinal could be imported into the U.S. The dispensaries were shut down in a few months.

President Nixon (with his usual “public humiliation, manufactured panic and diplomatic bullying”) started anti-narcotics hysteria in his first term. But the series of anti-narcotics operations implemented in Mexico by American presidents and law-enforcement from the late 1960’s to the mid-1980’s, never did reduce the overall addiction rates of Americans, because other countries picked up the slack.

Around 2006, Mexico became like the red-light district of Amsterdam. Former members of Mexico’s military in the Zeta drug cartel violated what in the United States were the “RICO” laws, amply aided by gun violence.

Read the book to learn a boatload more about: how untold amounts of American taxpayers’ monies have been wasted in all different ways on trying to fight the drug wars; what roles shifting power structures (involving different stakeholders including but not limited to PJF, DFS, DEA, ICE agents, drug traffickers and cartels), weapons (guns, grenades, bazooka missiles), herbicides, deaths (lots of them!), and marijuana have played in the narcotics shenanigans in the last hundred years.